{"id":2547,"date":"2024-07-28T19:38:53","date_gmt":"2024-07-28T23:38:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/?p=2547"},"modified":"2024-07-28T19:38:53","modified_gmt":"2024-07-28T23:38:53","slug":"%e5%b8%ad%e5%8d%b7%e7%be%8e%e5%9b%bd%e7%9a%84%e6%94%bf%e6%b2%bb%e6%ad%a3%e7%a1%ae%e6%96%87%e5%8c%96%e9%a9%ac%e5%85%8b%e6%80%9d%e4%b8%bb%e4%b9%89-%e5%a8%81%e6%9d%83","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/en\/%e5%b8%ad%e5%8d%b7%e7%be%8e%e5%9b%bd%e7%9a%84%e6%94%bf%e6%b2%bb%e6%ad%a3%e7%a1%ae%e6%96%87%e5%8c%96%e9%a9%ac%e5%85%8b%e6%80%9d%e4%b8%bb%e4%b9%89-%e5%a8%81%e6%9d%83","title":{"rendered":"\u5e2d\u5377\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u201c\u653f\u6cbb\u6b63\u786e\u201d\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d&#8212;\u5a01\u6743\uff08\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\uff09\u4e3b\u4e49\u4eba\u683c\uff0c\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5973\u62f3\uff0cLGBT\u201d\u7b49\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u8005\u72b9\u592a\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e"},"content":{"rendered":"<section dir=\"ltr\"><span id=\"profileBt\" class=\"rich_media_meta rich_media_meta_nickname\">\u7409\u7483\u6bbf\u4e2d<\/span>\u00a0<span id=\"meta_content_hide_info\" class=\"\"><em id=\"publish_time\" class=\"rich_media_meta rich_media_meta_text\">2023\u5e7410\u670827\u65e5 20:46<\/em><\/span><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2559\" src=\"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/1-1.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"710\" height=\"156\" srcset=\"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/1-1.webp 710w, https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/1-1-300x66.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 710px) 100vw, 710px\" \/><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_2558\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2558\" style=\"width: 288px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2558\" src=\"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-1.webp\" alt=\"Gramsci Antonio\" width=\"288\" height=\"408\" srcset=\"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-1.webp 288w, https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/2-1-212x300.webp 212w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 288px) 100vw, 288px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2558\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gramsci Antonio<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u610f\u5927\u5229\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\u5bb6\u3001\u610f\u5927\u5229\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u5b89\u4e1c\u5c3c\u5965\u00b7\u845b\u5170\u897f(Gramsci Antonio\uff0c1891\uff5e1937)\u4e3a\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u7f8e\u68a6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff1a\u8981\u6467\u6bc1\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u6467\u6bc1\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u9884\u8a00\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u5982\u671f\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7cca\u5f04\u4e86\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u4fe1\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e86\uff0c\u8c01\u8fd8\u60f3\u53bb\u9020\u53cd\uff0c\u53bb\u6740\u4eba\u554a\u3002\u00a0 \u600e\u4e48\u529e\u5462\uff1f\u845b\u5170\u897f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ea\u6709\u6467\u6bc1\u57fa\u7763\u6559\uff0c\u5e72\u6389\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u63a8\u7ffb\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u9769\u547d\u624d\u80fd\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u624d\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u90fd\u5feb\u53d8\u6210\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e86\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u95f9\u9769\u547d\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u4e86\u3002\u4eca\u540e\u7684\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9769\u547d\u5c31\u752d\u6307\u671b\u5de5\u4eba\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u5e94\u7531\u7f6a\u72af\u3001\u5987\u5973\u548c\u6fc0\u8fdb\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u51b2\u950b\u9677\u9635\u3002\u845b\u5170\u897f\u51b3\u5b9a\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u9769\u547d\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u6218\u573a\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9886\u57df\u800c\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u6587\u5316\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b66\u6821\u3001\u6559\u4f1a\u3001\u6c11\u95f4\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u6587\u5b66\u3001\u5a92\u4f53\u3001\u5a31\u4e50\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u5f7b\u5e95\u6539\u9020\u3002\u8fd9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ed6\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u845b\u5170\u897f\u5728\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5f00\u521b\u6027\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u540e\u4eba\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6559\u7236\u201d\u3002<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u845b\u5170\u897f\u7684\u4eb2\u5bc6\u6218\u53cb\uff0c\u5308\u7259\u5229\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\u683c\u5965\u5c14\u683c\u00b7\u5362\u5361\u5947\uff08 Gy\u00f6rgy Luk\u00e1cs\uff09\u4e5f\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u5362\u5361\u5947\u66fe\u4e8e1918\u5e74\u5f53\u8fc7\u77ed\u547d\u7684\u5308\u7259\u5229\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u6587\u5316\u90e8\u957f\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\u5362\u5361\u5947\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5bb6\u5ead\u5355\u4f4d\u548c\u6027\u9053\u5fb7\u53d7\u5230\u524a\u5f31\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u4fbf\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u89e3\u4f53 \uff08He knew that if he could destroy the West\u2019s traditional sexual morals, he would have taken a giant step toward destroying Western culture itself.\uff09\u5728\u62c5\u4efb\u6587\u5316\u90e8\u957f\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5362\u5361\u5947\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ed9\u5b83\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e86\u201c\u6587\u5316\u6050\u6016\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d(cultural terrorism)\u7684\u6807\u9898\u3002\u8be5\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u4ee5\u513f\u7ae5\u601d\u60f3\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5ba3\u8bb2\u6d3b\u52a8\u9f13\u52b1\u4ed6\u4eec\u63f6\u63c4\u548c\u62d2\u65a5\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4f26\u7406\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u513f\u7ae5\u4eec\u88ab\u5448\u4e0a\u8272\u60c5\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u6559\u5bfc\u968f\u610f\u7684\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e71\u6027\u3001\u6ee5\u4ea4\u3002\u5362\u5361\u5947\u7684\u9ad8\u8bba\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u845b\u5170\u897f\u7684\u8d4f\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e24\u4eba\u4ea4\u6d41\u540e\u4e00\u62cd\u5373\u5408\u3002\u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e94\u8fd0\u800c\u751f\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4f4d\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u90fd\u88ab\u516c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u3001\u5960\u57fa\u4eba\u3002<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_2557\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2557\" style=\"width: 680px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2557\" src=\"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/3-1.webp\" alt=\"Gy\u00f6rgy Luk\u00e1cs\" width=\"680\" height=\"412\" srcset=\"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/3-1.webp 680w, https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/3-1-300x182.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2557\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gy\u00f6rgy Luk\u00e1cs<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><strong>\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u5b8c\u5584<\/strong><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u4f5c\u4e3a\u610f\u5927\u5229\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b89\u4e1c\u5c3c\u5965\u00b7\u845b\u5170\u897f\u66fe\u4e0e\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u8bae\u5458\u3001\u540e\u6765\u7684\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u5934\u5b50\u8d1d\u5c3c\u6258\u00b7\u58a8\u7d22\u91cc\u5c3c\uff08Benito Mussolini\uff09\u5728\u8bae\u4f1a\u4e2d\u5bc6\u5207\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65af\u5927\u6797\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u4e0a\u4ed6\u4eec\u60c5\u6295\u610f\u5408\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u610f\u5927\u5229\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u653f\u6743\u4e8e1922\u5e74\u4e0a\u53f0\u540e\uff0c\u845b\u5170\u897f\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u57281926\u628a\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u9886\u8896\u4ee5\u201d\u4f01\u56fe\u7834\u574f\u610f\u5927\u5229\u56fd\u5bb6\u201c\u4e3a\u7f6a\u540d\u5173\u8fdb\u4e86\u4e4c\u65af\u8482\u5361\u7684\u76d1\u72f1\u5c9b\u3002\u786c\u6c49\u845b\u5170\u897f\u5728\u72f1\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u95f2\u7740\uff0c\u4ed6\u594b\u7b14\u75be\u4e66\uff0c\u5b8c\u4ed6\u6210\u4e86\u5de8\u8457\u300a\u72f1\u4e2d\u672d\u8bb0\u300b\uff08Prison Notebooks of Antonio Gramsci\uff09\u3002\u90a3\u672c\u4e66\u91cc\u9762\u6700\u9c9c\u660e\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u6587\u5316\u9738\u6743\u201d\uff08Cultural hegemony\uff09\u3002\u6587\u5316\u9738\u6743\u662f\u6307\u901a\u8fc7\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u6216\u6587\u5316\u624b\u6bb5\u7ef4\u6301\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u6216\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u5373\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4e3b\u5bfc\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u7edf\u6cbb\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u845b\u5170\u897f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8bf8\u5982\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u6559\u5802\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u548c\u5a92\u4f53\u7b49\u793e\u4f1a\u673a\u6784\u4f20\u64ad\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\uff08\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u88ab\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u8ba4\u540c\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8c01\u63a7\u5236\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u6784\u8c01\u5c31\u63a7\u5236\u7740\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u845b\u5170\u897f\u4ee5\u6b64\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u9884\u8a00\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u9769\u547d\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u845b\u5170\u897f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u9636\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u5265\u524a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u66f4\u662f\u6587\u5316\u3002\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u7ed9\u4e88\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u897f\u65b9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6587\u5316\u963b\u788d\u4e86\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u8d77\u4e49\u3002\u845b\u5170\u897f\u57281929\u5e74\u81f31935\u5e74\u95f4\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u300b\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u901a\u8fc7\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u7b49\u673a\u6784\u518d\u73b0\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u878d\u5165\u4e86\u7279\u6743\u9636\u5c42\uff0c\u5e76\u4eab\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u58f0\u671b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5145\u5f53\u7edf\u6cbb\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u8868\u201d\uff0c\u6559\u5bfc\u548c\u9f13\u52b1\u4eba\u4eec\u9075\u5faa\u7edf\u6cbb\u9636\u7ea7\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u548c\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6587\u5316\u9738\u6743\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u4f7f\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u963b\u6b62\u4e86\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u9769\u547d\u3002\u5173\u952e\u662f\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u201c\u9636\u7ea7\u6218\u4e89\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u8981\u4ece\u5185\u90e8\u7834\u574f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\uff1a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\uff0c\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u6027\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u9057\u4f20\u6027\uff0c\u6cd5\uff0c\u771f\u76f8\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u7231\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u6c11\u65cf\u56e2\u7ed3\uff0c\u793e\u533a\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u3002\u845b\u5170\u897f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5a92\u4f53\u548c\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u5fc5\u987b\u53d1\u5e03\u201c\u53cd\u9738\u6743\u201d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7834\u574f\u548c\u6467\u6bc1\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\uff01<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u5b89\u4e1c\u5c3c\u5965\u00b7\u845b\u5170\u897f\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u662f\u5b8f\u5927\u7684\uff0c\u6784\u601d\u662f\u6781\u5bcc\u521b\u610f\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u5374\u662f\u574e\u5777\u7684\u3001\u60b2\u58ee\u7684\u3002\u88ab\u56da\u7981\u4e868\u5e74\u540e\u4ed6\u7ec8\u83b7\u51fa\u72f1\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e45\u4ed6\u5c31\u82f1\u5e74\u65e9\u901d\uff0c\u544a\u522b\u5c18\u4e16\u7684\u55a7\u56a3\uff0c\u5230\u4ed6\u7956\u5e08\u7237\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u90a3\u91cc\u62a5\u5230\u53bb\u4e86\u3002\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u4e00\u9897\u5de8\u661f\u9668\u843d\u3002\u00a0<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u683c\u5965\u5c14\u683c\u00b7\u5362\u5361\u5947\u7684\u8111\u74dc\u5b50\u6ca1\u90a3\u4e48\u6b7b\u677f\u3002\u4e8c\u6218\u671f\u95f4\u4ed6\u8eb2\u5728\u8001\u4e1c\u5bb6\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u5403\u74dc\u3002\u4e8c\u6218\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u4ed6\u56de\u5230\u4e86\u5df2\u662f\u82cf\u8054\u9644\u5eb8\u56fd\u7684\u5308\u7259\u5229\u3002\u5145\u6ee1\u8bbd\u523a\u610f\u5473\u7684\u662f\uff0c1956\u5e74\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u8457\u540d\u7684\u201c\u5308\u7259\u5229\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u66b4\u4e71\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u9886\u8896\u5c45\u7136\u662f\u90a3\u573a\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u66b4\u4e71\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5927\u6c34\u51b2\u9f99\u738b\u5e99\u554a\uff01\u597d\u5728\u8fd9\u5bb6\u4f19\u547d\u5927\uff0c\u6ca1\u8ddf\u5308\u7259\u5229\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5934\u76ee\u7eb3\u5409\u00b7\u4f0a\u59c6\u96f7(Imre Nagy) \u90a3\u6837\u88ab\u82cf\u519b\u6cd5\u5ead\u79d8\u5bc6\u5904\u6b7b\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u6d3b\u52301971\u5e74\u3002\u00a0<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u845b\u5170\u897f\u548c\u5362\u5361\u5947\u63d0\u51fa\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u8349\u521b\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u51fa\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u3002\u628a\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u7684\u9610\u8ff0\u5e76\u5168\u9762\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u53eb\u201c\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u201d\uff08Frankfurt School of Social Research, <em>Institut f\u00fcr Sozialforschung<\/em>\uff09\u7684\u529f\u52b3\u3002\u00a0<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_2556\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2556\" style=\"width: 593px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2556\" src=\"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/4-1.webp\" alt=\"The Frankfurt School of Critical Theorists\" width=\"593\" height=\"442\" srcset=\"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/4-1.webp 593w, https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/4-1-300x224.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 593px) 100vw, 593px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2556\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Frankfurt School of Critical Theorists<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u52301923\u5e74\u3002\u90a3\u4e00\u5e74\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u5308\u7259\u5229\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u683c\u5965\u5c14\u683c\u00b7\u5362\u5361\u5947\u53d7\u9080\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u4e3b\u6301\u4e3a\u671f\u4e00\u5468\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u72ec\u521b\u6027\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u4f7f\u4e0e\u4f1a\u8005\u6df1\u53d7\u542f\u53d1\u548c\u9f13\u821e\uff0c\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u4e00\u9f13\u4f5c\u6c14\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4ee5\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u6069\u683c\u65af\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u4e3a\u84dd\u672c\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u5e93\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u8be5\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6700\u521d\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u201d\u3002\u4f46\u8003\u8651\u5230\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u540d\u8a89\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u8ba8\u538c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u8fd9\u5e2e\u4eba\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0d\u9732\u9aa8\uff0c\u4f4e\u8c03\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u65e5\u540e\u5728\u6b27\u7f8e\u548c\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5982\u96f7\u8d2f\u8033\u3001\u5f71\u54cd\u5353\u8457\u7684\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u662fCarl Gr\u00fcnberg\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4e45\u540e\u4ed6\u91cd\u75c5\u7f20\u8eab\u3002\u90a3\u4e2a\u673a\u6784\u57281930\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u788c\u788c\u65e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u6210\u679c\u5be5\u5be5\u30021930\u5e74\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u00b7\u970d\u514b\u6d77\u9ed8\uff08Max Horkheimer\uff09\u6210\u4e3a\u90a3\u4e2a\u673a\u6784\u7684\u5934\u540e\uff0c\u56db\u5904\u62db\u5175\u4e70\u9a6c\uff0c\u7f51\u7f57\u4e86\u5f53\u65f6\u6b27\u6d32\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u628a\u90a3\u4e2a\u673a\u6784\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5175\u5f3a\u9a6c\u58ee\u3001\u8d27\u771f\u4ef7\u5b9e\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\uff08\u201cThe Institute began as a Marxist study group\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u90a3\u4e4b\u540e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u7855\u679c\u7d2f\u7d2f\uff0c\u9707\u64bc\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u00a0<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_2555\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2555\" style=\"width: 1080px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2555\" src=\"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5.webp\" alt=\"Max Horkheimer\" width=\"1080\" height=\"722\" srcset=\"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5.webp 1080w, https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5-300x201.webp 300w, https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5-1024x685.webp 1024w, https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/5-768x513.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2555\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Max Horkheimer<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u201d\u6279\u5224\u7406\u8bba\u201c(\u201cCritical Theory\u201d)\u3002\u6309\u7167\u4ed6\u4eec\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\uff0c\u6279\u5224\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u63ed\u9732\u5236\u5ea6\u548c\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u7684\u9738\u6743\u5bf9\u7578\u5f62\u793e\u4f1a\uff08\u5982\u5974\u5f79\u3001\u4e0d\u5e73\u7b49\u3001\u538b\u8feb\u7b49\uff09\u7684\u5236\u9020\u548c\u590d\u5236\uff0c\u4ee5\u671f\u542f\u8499\u4eba\u7684\u81ea\u89c9\u3001\u53cd\u6297\u7684\u610f\u8bc6\u548c\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u81ea\u7531\u3001\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u3002<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<blockquote>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\uff1a\u5bfb\u627e\u548c\u5236\u9020\u4eba\u4e0e\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u6311\u8d77\u4ec7\u6068\uff0c\u6279\u5224\u548c\u6467\u6bc1\u897f\u65b9\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5f25\u8865\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u63a8\u7ffb\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u793e\u4f1a\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u3002\u4e0e\u539f\u6559\u65e8\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u6279\u5224\u7406\u8bba\u201d\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91cd\u5fc3\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u53d7\u5362\u5361\u5947\u548c\u845b\u5170\u897f\u7684\u542f\u53d1\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u628a\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u4ece\u653f\u6cbb\u548c\u7ecf\u6d4e\u7406\u8bba\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u6587\u5316\u672f\u8bed\u4e86\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u91cd\u6784\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u4e0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ee5\u4f7f\u4e4b\u9002\u5e94\u4e8c\u5341\u4e16\u7eaa\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8001\u9a6c\u4ed6\u867d\u8d35\u4e3a\u5929\u624d\u4f46\u4e5f\u4e00\u6837\u72af\u4e86\u4f4e\u7ea7\u9519\u8bef\uff0c\u8f7b\u89c6\u4e86\u6587\u5316\u5728\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u4e0a\u5c42\u5efa\u7b51\u201d\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u800c\u6587\u5316\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u5c42\u5efa\u7b51\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u72ec\u7acb\u4e14\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u7740\u773c\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u6574\u5929\u76ef\u7740\u4e94\u6597\u7c73\u6253\u998a\u4e3b\u610f\uff0c\u6307\u671b\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u95f9\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u8fd9\u7279\u4e48\u626f\u6de1\uff01\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u65e9\u5c31\u9893\u5e9f\u6210\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5c0f\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd8\u80fd\u6307\u671b\u4ed6\u4eec\uff1f\u6709\u591a\u8fdc\u6eda\u591a\u8fdc\u53bb\uff01<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u65e2\u7136\u8fde\u5de5\u4eba\u8001\u5927\u54e5\u90fd\u4e0d\u884c\u4e86\uff0c\u90a3\u8fd8\u80fd\u6307\u671b\u8c01\u9886\u5bfc\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u9769\u547d\u5462? \u00a0\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u897f\u65b9\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b66\u6d3e\u4e2d\u626f\u86cb\u4e86\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u3002\u7ec8\u4e8e\u572820\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u6d3e\u7684\u91cd\u70ae\u624b\uff0c\u53f7\u79f0\u201c\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u7269\u201d\u7684\u8d6b\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u9a6c\u5c14\u5e93\u585e\uff08Herbert Marcuse\uff0c1898-1979\uff09\u5bf9\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u54cd\u4eae\u7684\u56de\u7b54\uff1a<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<blockquote>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531\u9ed1\u4eba\u3001\u5b66\u751f\u3001\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u5987\u5973\u548c\u540c\u6027\u604b\u8005\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u8054\u76df\uff0c\u5c06\u662f\u627f\u5f53\u57cb\u846c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e3b\u529b\u519b\uff08\u201ca coalition of blacks, students, feminist women and homosexuals.\u201d\uff09\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u9a6c\u5c14\u5e93\u585e\u540c\u5fd7\u5389\u5bb3\u4e0d\uff1f<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u9a6c\u5c14\u5e93\u585e\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u5362\u5361\u5947\u7684\u6587\u5316\u6fc0\u8fdb\u4e3b\u4e49\u540c\u5f17\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5fb7\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u6790\u7684\u62fc\u63a5\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4ea7\u54c1\u5c31\u662f\u6210\u719f\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u3002<\/section>\n<blockquote>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ee5\u201c\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d \uff08\u201dmulticulturalism\u201d\uff09\u548c\u201c\u653f\u6cbb\u6b63\u786e\u201d\u8457\u79f0\u8457\u79f0\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n<\/blockquote>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u54c8\u54c8\u54c8\uff0c\u5404\u4f4d\u8001\u94c1\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u51fa\u5904\u4e86\u5427\uff01\u770b\u51fa\u540d\u5802\u4e86\u6ca1\uff1f\u5bf9\u4e86\uff0c\u9a6c\u5c14\u5e93\u585e30\u5e74\u4ee3\u968f\u7740\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u4e00\u8d77\u64a4\u5230\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c1940\u5e74\u79fb\u6c11\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002\u00a0<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_2554\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2554\" style=\"width: 666px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2554\" src=\"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/6-1.webp\" alt=\"Herbert Marcuse\" width=\"666\" height=\"305\" srcset=\"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/6-1.webp 666w, https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/6-1-300x137.webp 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 666px) 100vw, 666px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2554\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Herbert Marcuse<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><strong>\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u98ce\u751f\u6c34\u8d77<\/strong><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u5728\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u521b\u5efa\u4e0d\u5230\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u5149\u666f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5bf9\u624b\u3002<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u5fb7\u56fd\u56fd\u5bb6\u793e\u4f1a\u4e3b\u4e49\u5de5\u4eba\u515a\u201d(German Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei)\u00a0 \u3002<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><strong>\u7b80\u79f0\u7eb3\u7cb9\uff08Nationalsozialistische\uff09\u3002<\/strong><\/em><\/span>\u00a0<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6447\u8eab\u4e00\u53d8\uff0c\u6210\u4e86\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u80a1\u7978\u6c34\u88ab\u5f15\u6765\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u3002<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u6211\u5f88\u5947\u602a\uff0c\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u662f\u57281934\u5e74\u88ab\u8e22\u51fa\u5fb7\u56fd\u7684\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e72\u561b\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u53bb\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9769\u547d\u7684\u5927\u672c\u8425\u82cf\u8054\u907f\u96be\u53cd\u800c\u9003\u5230\u8d44\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u5927\u672c\u8425\u7f8e\u56fd\u5462\uff1f\u5f53\u65f6\u7eb3\u7cb9\u548c\u82cf\u8054\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u597d\u5f97\u5f88\u5462\uff0c\u6709\u8c01\u4e0d\u51c6\u4ed6\u4eec\u53bb\u5417\uff1f\u00a0\u00a0<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u4e0a\u4e2a\u4e16\u7eaa50\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u591a\u6570\u7684\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u6210\u5458\u56de\u5230\u4e86\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u9a6c\u5c14\u5e93\u585e\u5374\u7559\u4e86\u4e0b\u6765\u3002\u4ed6\u5148\u540e\u5728\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b66\u4ece\u4e8b\u7406\u8bba\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6210\u679c\u5353\u8457\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u5230\u4e8660\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4ed6\u6210\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u65b0\u5de6\u6d3e\uff08New Left\uff09\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5927\u5e08\u3001\u9f3b\u7956\uff0c\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u5de6\u6d3e\u7684\u5f20\u6625\u6865\u54c8\u3002\u548c\u8001\u9a6c\u3001\u8001\u5217\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bb6\u4f19\u4e5f\u662f\u4e2a\u66b4\u529b\u72c2\u30021965\u5e74\u4ed6\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u7bc7\u9898\u4e3a\u201d\u538b\u5236\u5bbd\u5bb9\u201d\uff08&#8221;Repressive Tolerance&#8221;\uff09\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u89c2\u70b9\uff1a\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u6c11\u4e3b\u5236\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u6709\u6781\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e00\u9762\uff08capitalist democracies can have totalitarian aspects\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u4e3b\u5f20\u4e00\u79cd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bb9\u5fcd\u538b\u5236\u6027\uff08\u5373\u53f3\u7ffc\uff09\u653f\u6cbb\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5bbd\u5bb9\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08\u201che advocates a form of tolerance that is intolerant of repressive (namely right-wing) political movements\u201d\uff09\u3002\u4ed6\u6700\u54cd\u4eae\u7684\u4e00\u53e5\u540d\u8a00\u5c31\u662f \u201c\u5bbd\u5bb9\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5bf9\u53f3\u8fb9\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u4e0d\u5bbd\u5bb9\uff0c\u5bf9\u5de6\u8fb9\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5bbd\u5bb9\u3002\u201d(\u201cLiberating tolerance, then, would mean intolerance against movements from the right, and toleration of movements from the left.\u201d)\u3002\u6362\u5728\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\uff1a\u5bf9ANTIFA\u548cBLM\u7684\u66b4\u529b\u884c\u52a8\u8981\u5bbd\u5bb9\uff0c\u800c\u5bf9\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u5c31\u51b3\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002\u5c31\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e2d\u8bdd\u5f53\u5e74\u6fc0\u6012\u4e86\u597d\u591a\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u5b66\u8005\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u628a\u53f3\u7ffc\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u65a9\u5c3d\u6740\u7edd\u5417\uff1f\u7531\u4e8e\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u66b4\u529b\u9769\u547d\u5b66\u8bf4\u592a\u624e\u773c\uff0c\u5c31\u8fde\u5f88\u591a\u6e29\u548c\u5de6\u6d3e\u90fd\u4e0d\u7a00\u996d\u4ed6\u7684\u4e3b\u5f20\u3002<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_2553\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2553\" style=\"width: 1080px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2553\" src=\"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/7-1.webp\" alt=\"The United States in 1968\" width=\"1080\" height=\"343\" srcset=\"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/7-1.webp 1080w, https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/7-1-300x95.webp 300w, https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/7-1-1024x325.webp 1024w, https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/7-1-768x244.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2553\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The United States in 1968<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u5f53\u5e74\u9a6c\u5c14\u5e93\u585e\u6d3b\u7740\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u68a6\u60f3\u53ea\u662f\u4ec5\u9650\u4e8e\u68a6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u5982\u4eca\u4ed6\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u7f8e\u68a6\u90fd\u88ab\u540e\u4eba\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c \u4ed6\u5bf9\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u5728\u4ed6\u6b7b\u540e\u7684\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u4e00\u4e00\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u9a6c\u5c14\u5e93\u585e\u7684\u5f97\u610f\u95e8\u751f\u4e4b\u4e00 \u5b66\u672f\u754c\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a&#8221;little c communist,&#8221;\u7684Angela Davis\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u6210\u4e3aBLM\u7684\u6709\u529b\u652f\u6301\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u9a6c\u5c14\u5e93\u585e\u7684\u90a3\u53e5\u201c\u5bbd\u5bb9\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5bf9\u53f3\u8fb9\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u4e0d\u5bbd\u5bb9\uff0c\u5bf9\u5de6\u8fb9\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5bbd\u5bb9\u201d \u6b63\u5728\u6210\u4e3aANTIFA\u7684\u5ea7\u53f3\u94ed\u3002<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u9a6c\u5c14\u5e93\u585e\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5947\u8469\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u6df1\u4fe1\u8981\u5b9e\u73b0\u6587\u5316\u89e3\u653e\uff0c\u5f7b\u5e95\u7684\u6027\u89e3\u653e\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u7684\u300a\u8272\u60c5\u4e0e\u6587\u660e\uff1a\u5f17\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5fb7\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u63a2\u7a76\u300b\uff08Eros and Civilization : A Philosophical Inquiry into Freud\uff09\u4e2d\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u8868\u8ff0\u7684\u3002\u6b63\u5982\u90a3\u672c\u4e66\u7684\u526f\u6807\u9898\u6240\u63ed\u793a\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u662f\u5bf9\u65b0\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u65b0\u5f17\u6d1b\u4f0a\u5fb7\u4e3b\u4e49\u76f8\u7ed3\u5408\u7684\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5c1d\u8bd5\u30021955\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u8272\u60c5\u4e0e\u6587\u660e\u300b\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u5f15\u8d77\u4e861960\u5e74\u4ee3\u53cd\u6587\u5316\u8fd0\u52a8\u7684\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u5e76\u5f88\u5feb\u6210\u4e3a\u5f53\u5e74\u6027\u9769\u547d\u7684\u7eb2\u9886\u6027\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bba\u9898\u7684\u5f3a\u70c8\u7684\u62c9\u773c\u7403\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u6210\u4e3a\u70ed\u95e8\u540e\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u5176\u5b83\u8457\u4f5c\u4e5f\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u4f17\u591a\u5b66\u751f\u6fc0\u8fdb\u56e2\u4f53\u7684\u559d\u5f69\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u8457\u4f5c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u5e26\u5165\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u8bb2\u5802\u3002\u9a6c\u5c14\u5e93\u585e\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u4e3a1960\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u9752\u5c11\u5e74\u6027\u53db\u4e71\u63d0\u4f9b\u7406\u667a\u4f9d\u636e\u3002\u7535\u5f71\u300a\u963f\u7518\u6b63\u4f20\u300b\u91cc\u9762\u8bb2\u4e86\u4e00\u70b960\u5e74\u4ee3\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u90a3\u573a\u6027\u9769\u547d\uff0c\u9a6c\u5c14\u5e93\u585e\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u7cbe\u795e\u5bfc\u5e08\u3002\u00a0<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_2552\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2552\" style=\"width: 1080px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2552\" src=\"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/8-1.webp\" alt=\"Sexual Revolution in 1960s\" width=\"1080\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/8-1.webp 1080w, https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/8-1-300x100.webp 300w, https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/8-1-1024x341.webp 1024w, https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/8-1-768x256.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2552\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sexual Revolution in 1960s<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u867d\u7136\u4ed6\u9f13\u52a8\u4e71\u6027\u548c\u9f13\u52b1\u540c\u6027\u604b\u540c\u5fd7\u4eec\u626f\u65d7\u9020\u53cd\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u5374\u662f\u4e2d\u89c4\u4e2d\u77e9\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u5a5a\u59fb\u575a\u5b88\u8005\uff0c\u5982\u5047\u5305\u6362\u7684\u975e\u540c\u3002\u987a\u4fbf\u8bf4\u4e00\u53e5\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u575f\u5934\u4e0a\u5982\u4eca\u662f\u6742\u8349\u4e1b\u751f\uff0c\u4e00\u6d3e\u8352\u51c9\u3002ANTIFA\u8be5\u6d3e\u4eba\u53bb\u7ecf\u5e38\u7ed9\u4ed6\u626b\u5893\u4e86\uff0c\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e0b\u5bf9\u8001\u524d\u8f88\u7684\u5c0a\u656c\u3002<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u7855\u679c\u7d2f\u7d2f\uff0c\u6210\u5c31\u5353\u8457\u3002\u90a3\u4e9b\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u6216\u8457\u4f5c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u90fd\u662f\u91cd\u78c5\u4e2d\u4e4b\u91cd\u78c5\uff0c\u7bc7\u7bc7\u90fd\u523a\u4e2d\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u7684\u8981\u5bb3\uff0c \u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u4ecd\u7136\u53d1\u5149\u95ea\u4eae\uff0c\u7167\u8000\u7740\u5343\u767e\u4e07\u7f8e\u56fd\u6781\u5de6\u6d3e\u6218\u58eb\u4eec\u7684\u5f81\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\u8981\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e0b\u53e6\u4e00\u672c\u4e66\uff1a\u300a\u5a01\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u4eba\u683c\u300b\uff08\u82f1\u6587 \u201cThe Authoritarian Personality\u201d\uff0c\u4e9a\u9a6c\u900a\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e70\u5230\uff09\uff0c\u4f5c\u8005\u662f\u897f\u5965\u591a\u00b7\u963f\u591a\u8bfa\uff08Theodor Wiesengrund Adorno\uff0c1903 &#8211; 1969\uff09\uff0c\u6b64\u4eba\u662f\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u70ae\u7ea7\u7684\u4eba\u7269\u3002\u7eb3\u7cb9\u6267\u653f\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u9003\u5230\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c1938\uff0d1941\u5e74\u95f4\u4ed6\u5728\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u672c\u8425\u7ebd\u7ea6\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u4f5c\u7814\u7a76\u30021941\uff0d1948\u5e74\u95f4\u4ed6\u51fa\u4efb\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u00b7\u62c9\u675c\u514b\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u9879\u76ee\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u7ec4\u957f\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u4e3b\u6301\u6743\u529b\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u30021948\uff0d1949\u5e74\u95f4\uff0c\u4ed6\u53d7\u8058\u4e8e\u52a0\u5229\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u4f2f\u514b\u5229\u5206\u6821\uff0c\u4efb\u793e\u4f1a\u6b67\u89c6\u7814\u7a76\u9879\u76ee\u8bfe\u9898\u7ec4\u7ec4\u957f\u3002<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u5728\u4ed6\u6d0b\u6d0b\u6d12\u6d12\u8fd1\u5343\u9875\u7684\u300a\u5a01\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u4eba\u683c\u300b\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u81ed\u540d\u662d\u8457\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7ecf\u4e45\u4e0d\u8870\u7684\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u53d1\u660e\u7684Adorno F\u91cf\u8868\uff08F\u662f\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684F\uff09(F-scale\uff0cThe &#8220;F&#8221; stands for &#8220;fascist&#8221;)\uff0c\u3002F\u91cf\u8868\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u8861\u91cf\u901a\u5e38\u7531\u4e13\u5236\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u53cd\u6c11\u4e3b\u4eba\u683c\u7ed3\u6784\u3002F\u91cf\u8868\u6d4b\u8bd5\u7684\u5f97\u5206\u9ad8\u4e8e80\uff0c\u8868\u660e\u8be5\u53d7\u8bd5\u8005\u53ef\u80fd\u60a3\u6709\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u75c5\u7406\u5b66\u3002\u8be5\u91cf\u8868\u4e13\u95e8\u68c0\u67e5\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4eba\u683c\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff1a\u4f20\u7edf\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u5a01\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5c48\u4ece\uff0c\u5a01\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4fb5\u7565\uff0c\u5b97\u6559\u4e0e\u9053\u5fb7\u3002\u00a0 \u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em>\u4f60\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5f88\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u5ff5\uff0c<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em>\u4f60\u670d\u4ece\u6743\u5a01\uff0c<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em>\u4f60\u4fe1\u5b97\u6559\uff0c<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em>\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u6709\u6743\u5a01\u4e3b\u4e49\u6027\u683c\uff0c<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em>\u6709\u5fc3\u7406\u75be\u75c5\uff0c<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em>\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4e2a\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u5206\u5b50\u3002<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u8fd9\u4f4d\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b66\u8005\u53d1\u660e\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5fc3\u7406\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff0c\u628a\u793e\u4f1a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e0e\u4eba\u683c\u7279\u5f81\u8054\u7cfb\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u56fd\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u79cd\u65cf\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u6587\u5316\u5dee\u522b\u3002<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u8fd9\u662f\u81f4\u547d\u4f24\u3002\u7167\u8fd9\u4e48\u4e2a\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6cd5\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u3001\u4fdd\u5b88\u6d3e\u3001\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u3001\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u88d4\uff0c\u534e\u4eba\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u60a8\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5177\u6709\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u4eba\u683c\u3002\u60a8\u600e\u4e48\u770b\uff1f<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_2551\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2551\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2551\" src=\"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/9-1.webp\" alt=\"Theodor Wiesengrund Adorno\" width=\"600\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/9-1.webp 600w, https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/9-1-300x300.webp 300w, https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/9-1-150x150.webp 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2551\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Theodor Wiesengrund Adorno<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u5b66\u8005\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u672c\u4e66\u4e2d\u6709\u5173\u6027\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u4e5f\u5f88\u5947\u8469\u3002\u4ed6\u628a\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u6709\u5173\u6027\u522b\u89d2\u8272\u548c\u6027\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\u91cd\u65b0\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c\u504f\u89c1\u201d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u5b83\u4eec\u6bd4\u4f5c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6b27\u6d32\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u4e3b\u4e49\u5d1b\u8d77\u7684\u4f20\u7edf\u3002<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u8ddf\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5730\u4f4d\u7684\u9636\u7ea7\u6597\u4e89\u8bba\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c06\u793e\u4f1a\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7fa4\u4f53\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u538b\u8feb\u8005\uff08\u7537\u6027\uff09\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\uff08\u5176\u4ed6\uff09\u7fa4\u4f53\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u73b0\u5b9e\u662f\u7531\u63a7\u5236\u4f20\u7edf\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u7fa4\u4f53\u5851\u9020\u7684\u3002\u7537\u4eba\u548c\u5973\u4eba\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u89d2\u8272\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u201c\u538b\u8feb\u8005\u201d\u6240\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u6027\u522b\u5dee\u522b\u3002\u6027\u522b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e1c\u897f\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u5efa\u6784\u201d- Gender did not exist in reality, but was a \u201csocial construct\u201d\uff0c \u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u601d\u5c31\u662f\uff0c\u6027\u522b\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e1c\u897f\u672c\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u538b\u8feb\u8005\u7fa4\u4f53\u6839\u636e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9700\u8981\u968f\u610f\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u662f\u504f\u89c1\u3002\u5927\u7537\u4eba\u9700\u8981\u538b\u8feb\u5973\u4eba\u4e86\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5c31\u51ed\u7a7a\u81c6\u60f3\u51fa\u201c\u7537\u6027\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5973\u6027\u201d\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\u7537\u6027\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u538b\u8feb\u5973\u6027\u4e86\u3002<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u8fd9\u79cd\u8352\u5510\u900f\u9876\u5e76\u8fdd\u53cd\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\u5c45\u7136\u4eca\u5929\u8fd8\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u5927\u5b66\u8bfe\u5802\u4e2d\u88ab\u4f20\u6388\u3002\u4f60\u76f8\u4fe1\u6027\u7537\u5b69\u5973\u5b69\u4e00\u89c1\u503e\u5fc3\u4e92\u76f8\u5438\u5f15\u8fd9\u79cd\u4e8b\u60c5\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u8d4b\u4e88\u7684\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5929\u751f\u7684\u5417\uff1f\u4f60\u8ba4\u4e3a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u901a\u8fc7\u79d1\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u7537\u5973\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u7684XX \u548cXY \u5e76\u4e14\u7531\u6b64\u9020\u6210\u7684\u7537\u5973\u8eab\u4f53\u4e0a\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u7eaf\u7cb9\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u7684\u81c6\u60f3\u6216\u7f16\u9020\u5417\uff1f\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u5982\u679c\u76f8\u4fe1\u4e86\u897f\u5965\u591a\u00b7\u963f\u591a\u8bfa\u8fd9\u5957\u9b3c\u8bdd\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u8054\u60f3\u4e0b\u53bb\u5c31\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u65e2\u7136\u6027\u522b\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u538b\u8feb\u8005\u7684\u504f\u89c1\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53cd\u6297\u8fd9\u79cd\u538b\u5c31\u8981\u53d6\u6d88\u6027\u522b\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u8ba9XX=XY! \u00a0\u7537\u4eba\u6709\u6743\u8fdb\u5973\u5395\u6240\uff01\u00a0 \u6211\u5c31\u5947\u602a\u4e86\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6027\u522b\u662f\u81c6\u60f3\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u4e1c\u4e1c\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5973\u6027\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u6000\u5b69\u5b50\u751f\u5b69\u5b50\u800c\u7537\u6027\u5c31\u4e0d\u80fd\uff1f\u00a0 \u5c3d\u7ba1\u5982\u6b64\u8352\u5510\uff0c\u4ed6\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u65e9\u5c31\u6210\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u6c11\u4e3b\u515a\u8fdb\u6b65\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u7684\u4fe1\u6761\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u53d6\u6d88\u6027\u522b\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5927\u83b7\u6210\u529f\uff01\u00a0 \u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u540c\u6027\u7ed3\u5a5a\uff0c\u53d8\u6027\u4eba\u53c2\u519b\uff0c\u53d8\u6027\u4eba\u53c2\u52a0\u4f53\u80b2\u6bd4\u8d5b\uff0c\u7537\u5973\u540c\u5395\u90fd\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f00\u59cb\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u3002\u672c\u5c4a\u56fd\u4f1a\u5df2\u7ecf\u6b63\u5f0f\u51b3\u5b9a\uff1a\u53d6\u6d88\u6709\u5173\u6027\u522b\u7684\u8bcd\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u201c\u7537\u201d\u548c\u201c\u5973\u201d\u7684\u8bf4\u6cd5\uff0c\u7edf\u7edf\u53d6\u6d88\uff01\u4ee3\u4e4b\u4ee5\u4e2d\u6027\u8bcd\u6c47\u3002\u00a0<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u5bf9\u963f\u591a\u8bfa\u8fd9\u5957\u8c2c\u8bba\u6df1\u4fe1\u4e0d\u7591\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u5374\u65e0\u6cd5\u5728\u903b\u8f91\u4e0a\u81ea\u6d3d\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8511\u89c6\u4eba\u7c7b\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u7537\u5973\u6027\u522b\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u90a3\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u5f3a\u52a0\u4e8e\u4eba\u4eec\u7684\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ddf\u6d88\u706d\u504f\u89c1\u90a3\u6837\u4e88\u4ee5\u6d88\u706d\u3002\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5374\u4e3aLGBTQ\u7fa4\u4f53\u5f3a\u70c8\u8fa9\u62a4\uff0c\u603b\u662f\u5728\u5f3a\u8c03LGBTQ\u6027\u503e\u5411\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u4ea7\u751f\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u88ab\u5916\u4eba\u5f3a\u52a0\u7684\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u5fc5\u987b\u63a5\u53d7\uff0c\u5e76\u627f\u8ba4\u5176\u5408\u6cd5\u6027\u3002<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u5929\u624d\u7684\u4ed6\u672c\u5e94\u8be5\u53d1\u660e\u4e00\u79cdC\u91cf\u8868\uff08C\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684C\uff09(C-scale\uff0cThe &#8220;C&#8221; stands for &#8220;communist&#8221;\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u6ca1\u6709\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\uff0c\u4ed6\u5d07\u62dc\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u3002<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><strong>\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u7a7a\u524d\u80dc\u5229<\/strong><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u5728\u524d\u9762\u4e00\u8282\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5148\u9a71\u4eec\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u8f6c\u6218\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u5e03\u5c40\u7f8e\u56fd\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u53ea\u662f\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u91cc\u7684\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\uff0c\u4f46\u5f88\u5feb\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u627e\u5230\u4e86\u540c\u5fd7\u548c\u6218\u53cb\u3002\u5728\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u548c\u516d\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u501f\u7740\u7f8e\u56fd\u201c\u53cd\u79cd\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u548c\u201c\u53cd\u8d8a\u6218\u201d\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u3002\u5f53\u5e74\u90a3\u4e9b\u6124\u9752\u4e0d\u60f3\u53bb\u8d8a\u5357\u6218\u573a\u548c\u8d8a\u5171\u4f5c\u6218\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u8bf4\u201c\u6211\u6015\u6b7b\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u5bfb\u627e\u7406\u8bba\u4e0a\u7684\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u65e2\u7ed9\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7406\u8bba\u6839\u636e\u4e5f\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u6307\u660e\u4e86\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u7528\u6027\u6ee5\u4ea4\u3001\u5438\u6bd2\u7b49\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f\u7ed9\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ee5\u6170\u85c9\u548c\u523a\u6fc0\u3002\u5f53\u5e74\u90a3\u4e9b\u53cd\u6218\u6124\u9752\u65e9\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u91cc\u7684\u77e5\u540d\u6559\u6388\uff0c\u5a92\u4f53\u660e\u661f\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u9ad8\u5b98\u3002\u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u5a92\u4f53\u4eba\u6216\u5b66\u8005\u8ddf\u62cd\u4e0b\u90a3\u5f20\u8363\u83b7\u65e0\u6570\u5927\u5956\u7684\u201c\u897f\u8d21\u67aa\u51b3\u201d\u7167\u7247\u7684\u57c3\u8fea\u00b7\u4e9a\u5f53\u65af\uff08Eddie Adams\uff09\u90a3\u6837\u5bf9\u5f53\u5e74\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u7247\u9762\u6027\u6709\u6240\u6094\u609f\uff0c\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u201c\u9893\u5e9f\u9752\u5e74\u201d\u4ecd\u7136\u575a\u6301\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f53\u5e74\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u5411\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5b66\u751f\u4f20\u64ad\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u8ddf\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f88\u5c11\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u4ee5\u907f\u5acc\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u5f53\u4ee3\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u62dc\u767b\u7684\u4ea4\u901a\u90e8\u957fPete Buttigieg\u7684\u8001\u7238Joseph Buttigieg\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002\u00a0 \u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6559\u7236\u5b89\u4e1c\u5c3c\u5965\u00b7\u845b\u5170\u897f\u7684\u300a\u72f1\u4e2d\u672d\u8bb0\u300b\u662f\u7528\u610f\u5927\u5229\u8bed\u5199\u7684\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u662f\u8c01\u628a\u4ed6\u7684\u8fd9\u90e8\u5de8\u4f5c\u8fd8\u6709\u522b\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u82f1\u6587\u5e76\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4eba\u5c31\u662fJoseph Buttigieg\u3002\u5404\u4f4d\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u4e9a\u9a6c\u900a\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u641c\u7d22Joseph Buttigieg\uff0c \u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u90a3\u672c\u7531\u4ed6\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\u845b\u5170\u897f\u7684\u8457\u4f5c\u3002\u00a0<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u7f8e\u56fd\u8fd9\u4e00\u767e\u5e74\u7684\u53d8\u8fc1\u786e\u5b9e\u6709\u4e9b\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5c31\u662f\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u6f14\u5316\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u662f\u7cbe\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u8fd9\u201c\u7cbe\u5fc3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u591a\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u660e\u663e\u5e26\u6709\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u201c\u6307\u7eb9\u5370\u8bb0\u201d\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u91cd\u5927\u53d8\u8fc1\u3002<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u6240\u8bf4\u7684\u201c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6307\u7eb9\u5370\u8bb0\u201d\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u5927\u7279\u5f81\u5c31\u662f\u5996\u9b54\u5316\u67d0\u4e9b\u4e2a\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u6781\u5ea6\u7f8e\u5316\u67d0\u4e9b\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u6311\u8d77\u5bf9\u7acb\uff0c\u5236\u9020\u4ec7\u6068\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u662f\u7531\u201c\u538b\u8feb\u8005\u201d\u548c\u201c\u88ab\u538b\u8feb\u8005\u201d\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u3002\u8bf4\u901a\u4fd7\u4e00\u70b9\u5c31\u7b97\u7531\u201c\u597d\u4eba\u201d\u548c\u201c\u574f\u4eba\u201d\u6784\u6210\u7684\u3002\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u9274\u5b9a\u201c\u597d\u4eba\u201d\u548c\u201c\u574f\u4eba\u201d\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u72b6\u51b5 \u2014\u2014 \u7a77\u4eba\u662f\u597d\u4eba\uff0c\u5bcc\u4eba\u662f\u574f\u4eba\u3002\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u662f\u88ab\u538b\u8feb\u8005\uff0c\u662f\u597d\u4eba\u3002\u8d44\u672c\u5bb6\u662f\u5265\u524a\u8005\u3001\u538b\u8feb\u8005\u3001\u662f\u574f\u86cb\u3002\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7528\u8fd9\u79cd\u5236\u9020\u4ec7\u6068\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u6311\u8d77\u5de5\u4eba\u548c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb\uff0c\u9f13\u52a8\u5de5\u4eba\u4f7f\u7528\u66b4\u529b\u63a8\u7ffb\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u793e\u4f1a\u3002<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0d\u662f\u6839\u636e\u7ecf\u6d4e\u72b6\u51b5\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u8c01\u662f\u597d\u4eba\u8c01\u662f\u574f\u4eba\uff0c\u800c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u6839\u636e\u6587\u5316\u7b49\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd8\u6309\u7167\u539f\u6559\u65e8\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u72b6\u51b5\u51b3\u5b9a\u8bba\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u7d22\u7f57\u65af\u3001\u6bd4\u5c14\u76d6\u8328\u3001\u5c0f\u672d\u3001\u5e03\u6797\u7b49\u5de6\u6d3e\u5927\u9614\u4f6c\u4eec\u7edf\u7edf\u662f\u6076\u9b54\u3002\u00a0 \u5982\u4eca\u7684\u5de6\u6d3e\u5212\u5206\u597d\u4eba\u548c\u574f\u4eba\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\u9996\u5148\u662f\u79cd\u65cf\uff1a\u767d\u4eba\u662f\u574f\u4eba\uff0c\u9ed1\u4eba\u662f\u597d\u4eba\u3002\u7136\u540e\u4ed6\u4eec\u6309\u7167\u6027\u53d6\u5411\u5212\u5206\u597d\u4eba\u548c\u574f\u4eba\uff1aLGBTQ\u662f\u597d\u4eba\uff0c\u666e\u901a\u7684\u7537\u4eba\u5973\u4eba\u5219\u662f\u574f\u4eba\u3002\u53e6\u5916\u5c31\u662f\u6309\u7167\u5b97\u6559\u5212\u5206\u597d\u4eba\u548c\u574f\u4eba\uff1a\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u662f\u574f\u4eba\uff0c\u65e0\u795e\u8bba\u8005\u662f\u597d\u4eba\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5212\u5206\u7ec6\u81f4\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u767d\u4eba\u7537\u4eba\u662f\u574f\u4eba\uff0c\u767d\u4eba\u5973\u4eba\u4e2d\u7684\u5973\u6743\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5374\u662f\u597d\u4eba\u3002\u540c\u662f\u5c11\u6570\u65cf\u88d4\uff0c\u9ed1\u4eba\u662f\u597d\u4eba\uff0c\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u88d4\u4e5f\u662f\u597d\u4eba\uff08\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6709\u4e9b\u58a8\u88d4\u662f\u767d\u4eba\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u54b1\u4eec\u4e9a\u88d4\u5219\u662f\u574f\u4eba\u3002\u540c\u6837\u662f\u5b97\u6559\u7684\u4fe1\u5f92\uff0c\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\u662f\u574f\u4eba\uff0c\u7a46\u65af\u6797\u5374\u662f\u597d\u4eba\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u5c31\u8ddf\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u672c\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ece\u6765\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u8bf4\u8c01\u662f\u597d\u4eba\u8c01\u662f\u574f\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5ba3\u4f20\u4e2d\u660e\u786e\u5730\u8ba9\u4eba\u4eec\u611f\u89c9\u5230\u8c01\u597d\u8c01\u574f\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u660e\u786e\u5730\u544a\u8bc9\u4eba\u4eec\u8c01\u662f\u538b\u8feb\u8005\u8c01\u662f\u88ab\u538b\u8feb\u8005\u3002\u00a0<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u5982\u4eca\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4f60\u5982\u679c\u6279\u8bc4\u4e86\u9ed1\u4eba\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u7f3a\u70b9\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u4f60\u80af\u5b9a\u662f\u4e2a\u79cd\u65cf\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u3002\u4e54\u6cbb\u57ce\u5927\u5b66\u6700\u8fd1\u5f00\u9664\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u77e5\u540d\u7684\u5973\u6559\u6388 Sandra Sellers\uff0c\u5c31\u56e0\u4e3a\u5979\u5728\u6559\u5458\u8ba8\u8bba\u4f1a\u4e0a\u8bf4\u4e86\u4e00\u53e5\u9ed1\u4eba\u5b66\u751f\u6210\u7ee9\u5dee\u3002<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u4f60\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u8d5e\u7f8e\u540c\u6027\u604b\u5417\uff1f\u90a3\u4f60\u5c31\u6709\u201c\u540c\u6027\u604b\u6050\u60e7\u75c7\u201d\uff08Homophobia\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u4f60\u5bf9\u975e\u6cd5\u79fb\u6c11\u5927\u6279\u6d8c\u5165\u7f8e\u56fd\u8868\u793a\u53cd\u5bf9\u5417\uff1f\u90a3\u4f60\u4e00\u5b9a\u62b1\u6709\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u4ec7\u5916\u5fc3\u7406(xenophobia)\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u4f60\u53cd\u5bf9\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6050\u6016\u4e3b\u4e49\u5417\uff1f\u90a3\u4f60\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u5728\u6e32\u67d3\u548c\u4f20\u64ad\u201c\u4f0a\u65af\u5170\u6050\u60e7\u75c7\u201d\uff08islamophobia\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u5f53\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u5b9e\u884c\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e13\u653f\uff08dictatorship of the proletariat\uff09\uff0c\u8fd9\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u4ece\u672a\u5b9e\u73b0\u8fc7\u3002\u4f46\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u5374\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u6210\u529f\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u653f\u6cbb\u6b63\u786e\u4e13\u653f\uff08dictatorship of political correctness\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\uff0c\u7edf\u7edf\u662f\u5728\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\u7684\u5de8\u5927\u6210\u529f\uff01<\/span><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6307\u7eb9\u7279\u5f81\u5c31\u662f\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\u68a6\u60f3\u3002\u4eba\u7c7b\u66fe\u7ecf\u4ea7\u751f\u8fc7\u4e0d\u540c\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\u68a6\u60f3\uff0c\u4ece\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u00b7\u5e0c\u5c14\u987f\u7684\u9999\u683c\u91cc\u62c9\u5230\u9676\u6e0a\u660e\u7684\u6843\u82b1\u6e90\uff0c\u4ece\u8d6b\u897f\u5fb7\uff08Hesiod\uff09\u7684\u201c\u9ec4\u91d1\u65f6\u4ee3\u201d\u5230\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u8c08\u8bba\u4e86\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u201c\u4e16\u754c\u5927\u540c\u201d\uff0c\u90fd\u66fe\u7ecf\u7ed9\u4eba\u7c7b\u67d0\u79cd\u7f8e\u597d\u7684\u61a7\u61ac\u6216\u5e7b\u60f3\u3002\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\u6bd4\u522b\u4eba\u7684\u7248\u672c\u66f4\u52a0\u5177\u4f53\u548c\u660e\u786e\uff0c\u4ed6\u60f3\u8981\u6253\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u5b97\u6559\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u56fd\u754c\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u5bb6\u5ead\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u8d2b\u5bcc\u5dee\u522b\u3001\u6ca1\u6709\u79c1\u4eba\u4f01\u4e1a\u3001\u653f\u5e9c\u51b3\u5b9a\u7269\u8d28\u751f\u4ea7\u548c\u8d22\u5bcc\u5206\u914d\u7684\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u6b64\u6240\u8c13\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u00a0 \u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u548c\u539f\u6559\u65e8\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u4e00\u8109\u76f8\u627f\u7684\u3002\u552f\u4e00\u591a\u51fa\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u73af\u5883\u6c61\u67d3\u548c\u6ca1\u6709\u7537\u5973\u533a\u522b\u3002\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u5c31\u662f\u9760\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\u4fd8\u83b7\u4e86\u6210\u767e\u4e0a\u5343\u4e07\u4fe1\u5f92\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\u6bd4\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u4e4c\u6258\u90a6\u66f4\u5177\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u529b\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u5177\u4f53\uff0c\u4e5f\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u66f4\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8bf4\u900f\u4e86\uff0c\u66f4\u5177\u6709\u6b3a\u9a97\u6027\u3002<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\">\u5728\u5bb6\u5ead\u89e3\u4f53\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e71\u6027\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u666e\u904d\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u6210\u4e86\u7f8e\u56fd\u5b98\u65b9\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u300260\u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u4e71\u6027\u53ea\u662f\u7537\u6027\u548c\u5973\u6027\u9893\u5e9f\u9752\u5e74\u4e92\u76f8\u6ee5\u4ea4\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u4e0e\u4e4b\u65e0\u5173\u3002\u5982\u4eca\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u4e71\u6027\u662f\u5728\u653f\u5e9c\u7684\u80cc\u4e66\u548c\u51c6\u8bb8\u751a\u81f3\u6307\u5bfc\u4e0b\u7684\u5149\u660e\u6b63\u5927\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6bd41960\u5e74\u4ee3\u66f4\u4e71\u4e86\u3002\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u5f53\u5c40\u66fe\u7ecf\u9881\u5e03\u4e00\u4e2a\u884c\u653f\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u7537\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fdb\u5973\u5395\u6240\u3001\u5973\u66f4\u8863\u5ba4\u3001\u5973\u5b50\u76d1\u72f1\u7b49\u539f\u6765\u53ea\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u5973\u6027\u8fdb\u5165\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u7537\u4eba\u505a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e0b\u6d41\u4e8b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u53ea\u8981\u58f0\u79f0\u81ea\u5df1\u5fc3\u7406\u4e0a\u662f\u4e2a\u5973\u4eba\u5c31\u884c\u4e86\u3002\u5ddd\u666e\u5f53\u5c40\u5e9f\u9664\u4e86\u4e86\u90a3\u4e2a\u884c\u653f\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u62dc\u767b\u4e0a\u53f0\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5929\u5c31\u6062\u590d\u4e86\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u7684\u5395\u6240\u4ee4\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u6bd4\u5965\u5df4\u9a6c\u505a\u7684\u8fd8\u8981\u8fc7\u5206\u3002\u9a6c\u8428\u8bf8\u585e\u5dde\u7684Somerville\u5e02\u4e8e2020\u5e746\u6708\u6b63\u5f0f\u901a\u8fc7\u6cd5\u6848\uff0c\u4f7f\u8be5\u57ce\u5e02\u6210\u4e3a\u7f8e\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5141\u8bb8\u4e00\u592b\u591a\u59bb\u6216\u4e00\u59bb\u591a\u592b\u6216\u591a\u59bb\u591a\u592b\u7ec4\u6210\u5bb6\u5ead\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u3002\u00a0 2021\u5e743\u6708\u521d\uff0c\u9a6c\u8428\u8bf8\u585e\u5dde\u963f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u57ce\u5e02\u5251\u6865\u5e02\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u540c\u6837\u7684\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6050\u6015\u662f\u5c31\u8fde\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u5148\u9a71\u5362\u5361\u5947\u3001\u9a6c\u5c14\u5e93\u585e\u3001\u963f\u591a\u8bfa\u90fd\u4e0d\u6562\u60f3\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u963f\u591a\u8bfa\u5f53\u5e74\u63d0\u51fa\u201c\u6027\u522b\u4e0d\u8fc7\u662f\u793e\u4f1a\u5efa\u6784\u201d\uff0c\u9f13\u5439\u53d6\u6d88\u6027\u522b\u30022021\u5e74\u521d\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u56fd\u4f1a\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u9879\u51b3\u8bae\uff0c\u6b63\u5f0f\u7981\u6b62\u56fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u4ed6\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5979\u201d\u3001\u201c\u7236\u4eb2\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6bcd\u4eb2\u201d\u3001\u201c\u5144\u5f1f\u201d\u3001\u201c\u59d0\u59b9\u201d \u7b49\u8ddf\u6027\u522b\u6709\u5173\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u3002\u963f\u591a\u8bfa\u7684\u68a6\u60f3\u6210\u771f\uff01\u00a0<\/section>\n<section dir=\"ltr\"><\/section>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em> \u5362\u5361\u5947\u5f53\u5e74\u5728\u5308\u7259\u5229\u62c5\u4efb\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u6587\u5316\u90e8\u957f\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u66fe\u6307\u5bfc\u513f\u7ae5\u6ee5\u4ea4\u3001\u4e71\u6027\u3002<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em>\u5982\u4eca\u52a0\u5dde\u5e72\u8106\u628a\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e1c\u897f\u5199\u5165\u513f\u7ae5\u6027\u6559\u80b2\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u5149\u660e\u6b63\u5927\u5730\u6307\u5bfc\u513f\u7ae5\u5982\u4f55\u505a\u5927\u4eba\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e8b\u3002<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2550\" src=\"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/10-1.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"639\" srcset=\"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/10-1.webp 900w, https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/10-1-300x213.webp 300w, https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/10-1-768x545.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u7409\u7483\u6bbf\u4e2d\u00a02023\u5e7410\u670827\u65e5 20:46 \u610f\u5927\u5229\u7684\u804c\u4e1a\u9769\u547d\u5bb6\u3001\u610f\u5927\u5229\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u5b89\u4e1c\u5c3c\u5965\u00b7\u845b\u5170\u897f(Gramsci Antonio\uff0c1891\uff5e1937)\u4e3a\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u7f8e\u68a6\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u60ca\u4eba\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff1a\u8981\u6467\u6bc1\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u6467\u6bc1\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u9884\u8a00\u7684\u6b27\u6d32\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9769\u547d\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u6b27\u6d32\u6218\u4e89\u4e2d\u5982\u671f\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\u548c\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u7cca\u5f04\u4e86\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u3002\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u4fe1\u4e0a\u5e1d\u4e86\uff0c\u8c01\u8fd8\u60f3\u53bb\u9020\u53cd\uff0c\u53bb\u6740\u4eba\u554a\u3002\u00a0 \u600e\u4e48\u529e\u5462\uff1f\u845b\u5170\u897f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u53ea\u6709\u6467\u6bc1\u57fa\u7763\u6559\uff0c\u5e72\u6389\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u63a8\u7ffb\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u9769\u547d\u624d\u80fd\u7206\u53d1\uff0c\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u624d\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u8003\u8651\u5230\u5de5\u4eba\u9636\u7ea7\u90fd\u5feb\u53d8\u6210\u4e2d\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u4e86\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u95f9\u9769\u547d\u7684\u52a8\u529b\u4e86\u3002\u4eca\u540e\u7684\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u9769\u547d\u5c31\u752d\u6307\u671b\u5de5\u4eba\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u5e94\u7531\u7f6a\u72af\u3001\u5987\u5973\u548c\u6fc0\u8fdb\u5c11\u6570\u6d3e\u51b2\u950b\u9677\u9635\u3002\u845b\u5170\u897f\u51b3\u5b9a\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u9769\u547d\u7684\u65b0\u7684\u6218\u573a\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9886\u57df\u800c\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u6587\u5316\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5b66\u6821\u3001\u6559\u4f1a\u3001\u6c11\u95f4\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u6587\u5b66\u3001\u5a92\u4f53\u3001\u5a31\u4e50\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u7b49\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9886\u57df\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u5f7b\u5e95\u6539\u9020\u3002\u8fd9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ed6\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u845b\u5170\u897f\u5728\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5f00\u521b\u6027\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u540e\u4eba\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u6559\u7236\u201d\u3002 \u90a3\u4e2a\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\uff0c\u845b\u5170\u897f\u7684\u4eb2\u5bc6\u6218\u53cb\uff0c\u5308\u7259\u5229\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\u683c\u5965\u5c14\u683c\u00b7\u5362\u5361\u5947\uff08 Gy\u00f6rgy Luk\u00e1cs\uff09\u4e5f\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u5362\u5361\u5947\u66fe\u4e8e1918\u5e74\u5f53\u8fc7\u77ed\u547d\u7684\u5308\u7259\u5229\u82cf\u7ef4\u57c3\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u7684\u6587\u5316\u90e8\u957f\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\u5362\u5361\u5947\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5bb6\u5ead\u5355\u4f4d\u548c\u6027\u9053\u5fb7\u53d7\u5230\u524a\u5f31\uff0c\u793e\u4f1a\u4fbf\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u89e3\u4f53 \uff08He knew that if he could destroy the West\u2019s traditional sexual morals, he would have taken a giant step toward destroying Western culture itself.\uff09\u5728\u62c5\u4efb\u6587\u5316\u90e8\u957f\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u5362\u5361\u5947\u5b9e\u65bd\u4e86\u4e00\u9879\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u76ee\u6807\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u4ed6\u7ed9\u5b83\u52a0\u4e0a\u4e86\u201c\u6587\u5316\u6050\u6016\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d(cultural terrorism)\u7684\u6807\u9898\u3002\u8be5\u653f\u7b56\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u4ee5\u513f\u7ae5\u601d\u60f3\u4e3a\u76ee\u6807\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u5ba3\u8bb2\u6d3b\u52a8\u9f13\u52b1\u4ed6\u4eec\u63f6\u63c4\u548c\u62d2\u65a5\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4f26\u7406\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e2d\uff0c\u513f\u7ae5\u4eec\u88ab\u5448\u4e0a\u8272\u60c5\u56fe\u7247\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u6559\u5bfc\u968f\u610f\u7684\u6027\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u4e71\u6027\u3001\u6ee5\u4ea4\u3002\u5362\u5361\u5947\u7684\u9ad8\u8bba\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u845b\u5170\u897f\u7684\u8d4f\u8bc6\uff0c\u4e24\u4eba\u4ea4\u6d41\u540e\u4e00\u62cd\u5373\u5408\u3002\u5c31\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u5e94\u8fd0\u800c\u751f\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u4f4d\u4e00\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u90fd\u88ab\u516c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u3001\u5960\u57fa\u4eba\u3002 \u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u548c\u5b8c\u5584 \u4f5c\u4e3a\u610f\u5927\u5229\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5b89\u4e1c\u5c3c\u5965\u00b7\u845b\u5170\u897f\u66fe\u4e0e\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u8bae\u5458\u3001\u540e\u6765\u7684\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u5934\u5b50\u8d1d\u5c3c\u6258\u00b7\u58a8\u7d22\u91cc\u5c3c\uff08Benito Mussolini\uff09\u5728\u8bae\u4f1a\u4e2d\u5bc6\u5207\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5728\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65af\u5927\u6797\u7684\u6279\u8bc4\u4e0a\u4ed6\u4eec\u60c5\u6295\u610f\u5408\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u610f\u5927\u5229\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\u653f\u6743\u4e8e1922\u5e74\u4e0a\u53f0\u540e\uff0c\u845b\u5170\u897f\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u5bf9\u56fd\u5bb6\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u5a01\u80c1\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u57281926\u628a\u8fd9\u4f4d\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u9886\u8896\u4ee5\u201d\u4f01\u56fe\u7834\u574f\u610f\u5927\u5229\u56fd\u5bb6\u201c\u4e3a\u7f6a\u540d\u5173\u8fdb\u4e86\u4e4c\u65af\u8482\u5361\u7684\u76d1\u72f1\u5c9b\u3002\u786c\u6c49\u845b\u5170\u897f\u5728\u72f1\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u95f2\u7740\uff0c\u4ed6\u594b\u7b14\u75be\u4e66\uff0c\u5b8c\u4ed6\u6210\u4e86\u5de8\u8457\u300a\u72f1\u4e2d\u672d\u8bb0\u300b\uff08Prison Notebooks of Antonio Gramsci\uff09\u3002\u90a3\u672c\u4e66\u91cc\u9762\u6700\u9c9c\u660e\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u5c31\u662f\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u201c\u6587\u5316\u9738\u6743\u201d\uff08Cultural hegemony\uff09\u3002\u6587\u5316\u9738\u6743\u662f\u6307\u901a\u8fc7\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u6216\u6587\u5316\u624b\u6bb5\u7ef4\u6301\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u6216\u7edf\u6cbb\uff0c\u5373\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u4e3b\u5bfc\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u7edf\u6cbb\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u4fe1\u4ef0\u548c\u5229\u76ca\u3002\u845b\u5170\u897f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8bf8\u5982\u5b66\u6821\uff0c\u6559\u5802\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u548c\u5a92\u4f53\u7b49\u793e\u4f1a\u673a\u6784\u4f20\u64ad\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\uff08\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u5047\u8bbe\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u88ab\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u8ba4\u540c\u7edf\u6cbb\u8005\u7684\u7edf\u6cbb\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8c01\u63a7\u5236\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u673a\u6784\u8c01\u5c31\u63a7\u5236\u7740\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u3002\u845b\u5170\u897f\u4ee5\u6b64\u89e3\u91ca\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u9884\u8a00\u7684\u5de5\u4eba\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u9769\u547d\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6ca1\u6709\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002\u845b\u5170\u897f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u8d44\u672c\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e3b\u5bfc\u5730\u4f4d\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u9636\u7ea7\u7ed3\u6784\u53ca\u5176\u5bf9\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u5265\u524a\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u66f4\u662f\u6587\u5316\u3002\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u6ca1\u6709\u5bf9\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u7ed9\u4e88\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u4e8e\u897f\u65b9\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u6587\u5316\u963b\u788d\u4e86\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u8d77\u4e49\u3002\u845b\u5170\u897f\u57281929\u5e74\u81f31935\u5e74\u95f4\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u300b\u4e2d\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u901a\u8fc7\u5b97\u6559\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u7b49\u673a\u6784\u518d\u73b0\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u3002\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u72ec\u7acb\u89c2\u5bdf\u8005\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u5df2\u7ecf\u878d\u5165\u4e86\u7279\u6743\u9636\u5c42\uff0c\u5e76\u4eab\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u58f0\u671b\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5145\u5f53\u7edf\u6cbb\u9636\u7ea7\u7684\u201c\u4ee3\u8868\u201d\uff0c\u6559\u5bfc\u548c\u9f13\u52b1\u4eba\u4eec\u9075\u5faa\u7edf\u6cbb\u9636\u7ea7\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u548c\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u6587\u5316\u9738\u6743\u8bf4\u660e\u4e86\u4f7f\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u660e\u6210\u4e3a\u73b0\u5b9e\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u963b\u6b62\u4e86\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u9769\u547d\u3002\u5173\u952e\u662f\u8981\u7ee7\u7eed\u201c\u9636\u7ea7\u6218\u4e89\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u8981\u4ece\u5185\u90e8\u7834\u574f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\uff1a\u57fa\u7763\u6559\uff0c\u6743\u5a01\uff0c\u6027\u7ea6\u675f\uff0c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u9057\u4f20\u6027\uff0c\u6cd5\uff0c\u771f\u76f8\uff0c\u5bb6\u5ead\uff0c\u7231\u56fd\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u6c11\u65cf\u56e2\u7ed3\uff0c\u793e\u533a\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b88\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u3002\u845b\u5170\u897f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5a92\u4f53\u548c\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u5fc5\u987b\u53d1\u5e03\u201c\u53cd\u9738\u6743\u201d\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u7834\u574f\u548c\u6467\u6bc1\u897f\u65b9\u6587\u5316\uff01 \u5b89\u4e1c\u5c3c\u5965\u00b7\u845b\u5170\u897f\u7684\u7406\u60f3\u662f\u5b8f\u5927\u7684\uff0c\u6784\u601d\u662f\u6781\u5bcc\u521b\u610f\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u5374\u662f\u574e\u5777\u7684\u3001\u60b2\u58ee\u7684\u3002\u88ab\u56da\u7981\u4e868\u5e74\u540e\u4ed6\u7ec8\u83b7\u51fa\u72f1\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e45\u4ed6\u5c31\u82f1\u5e74\u65e9\u901d\uff0c\u544a\u522b\u5c18\u4e16\u7684\u55a7\u56a3\uff0c\u5230\u4ed6\u7956\u5e08\u7237\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u90a3\u91cc\u62a5\u5230\u53bb\u4e86\u3002\u6b27\u6d32\u7684\u4e00\u9897\u5de8\u661f\u9668\u843d\u3002\u00a0 \u683c\u5965\u5c14\u683c\u00b7\u5362\u5361\u5947\u7684\u8111\u74dc\u5b50\u6ca1\u90a3\u4e48\u6b7b\u677f\u3002\u4e8c\u6218\u671f\u95f4\u4ed6\u8eb2\u5728\u8001\u4e1c\u5bb6\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u5403\u74dc\u3002\u4e8c\u6218\u7ed3\u675f\u540e\u4ed6\u56de\u5230\u4e86\u5df2\u662f\u82cf\u8054\u9644\u5eb8\u56fd\u7684\u5308\u7259\u5229\u3002\u5145\u6ee1\u8bbd\u523a\u610f\u5473\u7684\u662f\uff0c1956\u5e74\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u8457\u540d\u7684\u201c\u5308\u7259\u5229\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u66b4\u4e71\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u9886\u8896\u5c45\u7136\u662f\u90a3\u573a\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u66b4\u4e71\u7684\u9886\u5bfc\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u5927\u6c34\u51b2\u9f99\u738b\u5e99\u554a\uff01\u597d\u5728\u8fd9\u5bb6\u4f19\u547d\u5927\uff0c\u6ca1\u8ddf\u5308\u7259\u5229\u53cd\u9769\u547d\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u5934\u76ee\u7eb3\u5409\u00b7\u4f0a\u59c6\u96f7(Imre Nagy) \u90a3\u6837\u88ab\u82cf\u519b\u6cd5\u5ead\u79d8\u5bc6\u5904\u6b7b\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u6d3b\u52301971\u5e74\u3002\u00a0 \u845b\u5170\u897f\u548c\u5362\u5361\u5947\u63d0\u51fa\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u662f\u8be5\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u8349\u521b\u9636\u6bb5\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u51fa\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u3002\u628a\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u7684\u9610\u8ff0\u5e76\u5168\u9762\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u53eb\u201c\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u201d\uff08Frankfurt School of Social Research, Institut f\u00fcr Sozialforschung\uff09\u7684\u529f\u52b3\u3002\u00a0 \u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u7684\u8d77\u6e90\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u52301923\u5e74\u3002\u90a3\u4e00\u5e74\u6fc0\u8fdb\u7684\u5308\u7259\u5229\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u8005\u683c\u5965\u5c14\u683c\u00b7\u5362\u5361\u5947\u53d7\u9080\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u4e3b\u6301\u4e3a\u671f\u4e00\u5468\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7814\u8ba8\u4f1a\u3002\u4ed6\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u72ec\u521b\u6027\u7684\u89c1\u89e3\u4f7f\u4e0e\u4f1a\u8005\u6df1\u53d7\u542f\u53d1\u548c\u9f13\u821e\uff0c\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u4e00\u9f13\u4f5c\u6c14\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4ee5\u83ab\u65af\u79d1\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u6069\u683c\u65af\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u4e3a\u84dd\u672c\u7684\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u601d\u60f3\u5e93\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u3002\u8be5\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6700\u521d\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u201d\u3002\u4f46\u8003\u8651\u5230\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u540d\u8a89\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u8ba8\u538c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u8fd9\u5e2e\u4eba\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e0d\u9732\u9aa8\uff0c\u4f4e\u8c03\u4e00\u4e9b\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff1a\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u65e5\u540e\u5728\u6b27\u7f8e\u548c\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u5982\u96f7\u8d2f\u8033\u3001\u5f71\u54cd\u5353\u8457\u7684\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u7684\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u662fCarl Gr\u00fcnberg\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u4e45\u540e\u4ed6\u91cd\u75c5\u7f20\u8eab\u3002\u90a3\u4e2a\u673a\u6784\u57281930\u5e74\u4e4b\u524d\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u788c\u788c\u65e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u6210\u679c\u5be5\u5be5\u30021930\u5e74\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u00b7\u970d\u514b\u6d77\u9ed8\uff08Max &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/overseaschinese.org\/en\/%e5%b8%ad%e5%8d%b7%e7%be%8e%e5%9b%bd%e7%9a%84%e6%94%bf%e6%b2%bb%e6%ad%a3%e7%a1%ae%e6%96%87%e5%8c%96%e9%a9%ac%e5%85%8b%e6%80%9d%e4%b8%bb%e4%b9%89-%e5%a8%81%e6%9d%83\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u5e2d\u5377\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u201c\u653f\u6cbb\u6b63\u786e\u201d\u6587\u5316\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u201d&#8212;\u5a01\u6743\uff08\u6cd5\u897f\u65af\uff09\u4e3b\u4e49\u4eba\u683c\uff0c\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\uff0c\u5973\u62f3\uff0cLGBT\u201d\u7b49\u89c2\u5ff5\u7684\u53d1\u660e\u8005\u72b9\u592a\u6cd5\u5170\u514b\u798f\u5b66\u6d3e<\/span> <span 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